Java Fern

Description

Java fern (Leptochilus pteropus, formerly Microsorum pteropus) is a hardy and versatile aquatic fern widely used in freshwater aquariums. Native to Southeast Asia, it is well-suited for both beginner and experienced aquarists due to its adaptability and low maintenance requirements.

In aquarium settings, Java fern is best attached to hardscape elements like driftwood, rocks, or decor rather than being buried in substrate. Burying the rhizome (the thick, horizontal root-like stem) can cause it to rot. Instead, it should be gently tied or wedged in place until its roots naturally anchor to the surface.

Java fern thrives in low to moderate lighting, making it ideal for low-tech setups or shaded areas of the tank. It does not require CO₂ supplementation and can tolerate a wide range of water conditions, including varying temperatures and pH levels.

This plant propagates asexually by producing small plantlets on the tips and edges of mature leaves. These baby ferns will grow roots while still attached and eventually detach, floating until they settle and reattach elsewhere in the tank. This self-spreading trait makes Java fern excellent for establishing a lush, natural look over time.

With many cultivated varieties like ‘Windelov’ and ‘Trident’ offering unique leaf shapes and textures, Java fern adds visual interest and functional cover for shrimp and small fish, all while helping to stabilize water quality in planted aquariums.